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Leading & Managing Holistically >Part 3 >Chapter 06 >Part 2: Planning and Decision Making

[Solution] Part 2: Planning and Decision Making

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Author: Sarah Bennett

The Planning Process

Although it is impossible to predict the future with certainty, making good decisions and developing sound plans and strategies increases the chance of success.

Mission, Goals, and Plans

Managers reference the organization's environment when making plans.

The Planning Hierarchy

The Organization's Mission
• Purpose • Premises • Values • Directions
Strategic goals
Strategic plans
Tactical goals
Tactical plans
Operational goals
Operational plans
  • The first step in planning is to define the mission, which states the organization's purpose, premises, values, and directions.
  • Next, the manager determines the strategic goals. These give rise to the strategic plans to achieve those goals.
  • The strategic goals and plans determine the tactical goals. Together with the strategic plans, the tactical goals are inputs to the tactical plans.
  • Tactical goals and plans in turn determine the operational goals. Then together with the tactical plans, the operational goals become inputs to the operational plans.

Select the terms that best complete the following sentences.

The goals that are directly based on the tactical goals and plans are the .

View Explanation

The tactical goals and plans are direct inputs to the operational goals. Above the tactical level is the strategic level, and above that is the organization's mission, which expresses the organization's overall purpose and direction.

Select the terms that best complete the following sentences.

Operational plans are directly based on the .

View Explanation

Operational plans flow from the organization's tactical plans and operational goals. The mission is a direct input to strategic goals and plans, which in turn inform tactical goals and plans.

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